SORT: KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE Clinical recommendation 1 Additionally, it is important for family physicians to recognize complications of therapy and potential medication interactions. Although family physicians may elect to refer some patients to an HIV subspecialist for therapeutic interventions, they may continue to provide intermittent or chronic care for these patients. Updated screening recommendations give family physicians an important role in assessing patients at risk of HIV infection, detecting those who are infected, and recommending treatment options. Prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have changed considerably in the past few years. Therapy is lifelong and complicated by pill burden, cost, adverse effects, and drug interactions. Selection of pharmacotherapy is usually based on genotypic or phenotypic resistance testing. Appropriate management with combination antiretroviral therapy often extends the patient's life, sometimes for many years. The acute retro-viral syndrome that occurs shortly after infection is characterized by constitutional symptoms and is often difficult to differentiate from common community-acquired viruses.
Diagnosis can occur at any stage of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Primary care physicians are also often involved in monitoring patients with the infection.
Screening is paramount in identifying early infection and is now a routine component of primary care. Since that time, significant strides have been made in the prevention and treatment of the condition. Human immunodeficiency virus infection was first documented in the United States in 1981.
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